@article { ISI:000229066500020,
	title = {Transesterification of diethyl oxalate with phenol using MoO3/SiO2 catalyst},
	journal = {Applied Catalysis A-General},
	volume = {285},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2005},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {190-195},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	type = {Article},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Transesterification of diethyl oxalate (DEO) with phenol to form diphenyl oxalate (DPO) has been carried out in liquid phase using MoO3/ SiO2 solid acid catalyst with high conversion and 100\% selectivity. A series Of MoO3/SiO2 catalysts with different Mo loadings (1-20 wt\%) were prepared using sol-gel technique and characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), BET specific surface area, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia, and FTIR spectroscopic analysis of adsorbed pyridine. XRD analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the catalyst up to 10 wt\% MoO3 loading and the formation of crystalline α-MoO3 phase on amorphous silica support with higher MoO3 loading. BET surface area showed high surface area for catalysts prepared by sol-gel technique with lower MoO3 content; the surface area decreases with increasing MoO3 loading. Ammonia TPD shows much higher acid strength compared to the catalysts prepared by impregnation technique. Among the series of catalysts prepared, MoO3/SiO2 containing 1 wt\% MoO3 was found to be the most active catalyst for transesterification reaction, with a maximum DEO conversion of 80.9 and 100\% selectivity for DPO. The effects of reaction temperature and catalyst concentration on conversion and product selectivity have been investigated. {\textcopyright} 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {diethyl oxalate, diphenyl oxalate, MoO3/SiO2, sol-gel technique, transesterification},
	issn = {0926-860X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apcata.2005.02.028},
	author = {Biradar, Ankush V. and Shubhangi B. Umbarkar and Dongare, Mohan K.}
}
@article { ISI:000250026200021,
	title = {Synthesis of tinidazole by condensation-oxidation sequence using MoO3/SiO2 bifunctional catalyst},
	journal = {Catalysis Communications},
	volume = {8},
	number = {10},
	year = {2007},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {1550-1555},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	type = {Article},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Antimicrobial drug, tinidazole has been synthesized by condensation of 2-methyl,5-nitro-imidazole and 2-ethyl-thio-ethanol over MoO3/SiO2 catalyst to obtain 1-(2-ethyl-thio-ethanol)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole which is further oxidized using hydrogen peroxide using the same MoO3/SiO2 catalyst to obtain tinidazole. MoO3/SiO2 catalyst (20\%), synthesized by sol-gel process showed the highest acid strength and was successfully demonstrated to catalyze both condensation and oxidation in the synthesis of tinidazole. Due to the bifunctional activity of the catalyst, the use of acetic acid for condensation step and tungstic acid or ammonium molybdate for oxidation step in the conventional synthesis of tinidazole could be eliminated, thus making it an environmentally benign process. The catalysts could be recycled five times without any appreciable loss in the conversion and selectivity showing the potential for. the use of MoO3/SiO2 as bifunctional catalyst for the production of this industrially important compound. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {antimicrobial drug, condensation, MoO3/SiO2, Oxidation, solid acid catalyst, tinidazole},
	issn = {1566-7367},
	doi = {10.1016/j.catcom.2007.01.001},
	author = {Chandorkar, J. G. and Shubhangi B. Umbarkar and Rode, C. V. and Kotwal, V. B. and Dongare, Mohan K.}
}
