@article { ISI:000308879000041,
	title = {Electrochemical preparation of luminescent graphene quantum dots from multiwalled carbon nanotubes},
	journal = {Chemistry-A European Journal},
	volume = {18},
	number = {39},
	year = {2012},
	month = {SEP},
	pages = {12522-12528},
	publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH},
	address = {POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY},
	abstract = {<p>Green luminescent, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with a uniform size of 3, 5, and 8.2(+/- 0.3) nm in diameter were prepared electrochemically from MWCNTs in propylene carbonate by using LiClO4 at 90?degrees C, whereas similar particles of 23(+/- 2) nm were obtained at 30?degrees C under identical conditions. Both these sets of GQDs displayed a remarkable quantum efficiency of 6.3 and 5.1?\%, respectively. This method offers a novel strategy to synthesise size-tunable GQDs as evidenced by multiple characterisation techniques like transmission and scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Photoluminescence of these GQDs can be tailored by size variation through a systematic change in key process parameters, like diameter of carbon nanotube, electric field, concentration of supporting electrolyte and temperature. GQDs are promising candidates for a variety of applications, such as biomarkers, nanoelectronic devices and chemosensors due to their unique features, like high photostability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity and tunable solubility in water.</p>},
	keywords = {electrochemical synthesis, graphene, Nanostructures, photoluminescence, quantum dots},
	issn = {0947-6539},
	doi = {10.1002/chem.201201043},
	author = {Shinde, Dhanraj B. and Pillai, Vijayamohanan K.}
}
@article { ISI:000315209900016,
	title = {Electrochemical resolution of multiple redox events for graphene quantum dots},
	journal = {Angewandte Chemie-International Edition},
	volume = {52},
	number = {9},
	year = {2013},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {2482-2485},
	publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH},
	address = {BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY},
	keywords = {charging energy, differential pulse voltammetry, graphene, quantum dots, single-electron transfer},
	issn = {1433-7851},
	doi = {10.1002/anie.201208904},
	author = {Shinde, Dhanraj B. and Pillai, Vijayamohanan K.}
}
@article { ISI:000330542900022,
	title = {Sequential electrochemical unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotubes to graphene ribbons revealed by in situ Raman spectroscopy and imaging},
	journal = {ACS Nano},
	volume = {8},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {234-242},
	publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
	address = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA},
	abstract = {<p>We report an in situ Raman spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of the electrochemical unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Observations of the radial breathing modes (RBMs) using Raman spectral mapping reveal that metallic SWNTs are opened up rapidly followed by gradual unzipping of semiconducting SWNTs. Consideration of the resonant Raman scattering theory suggests that two metallic SWNTs with chiralities (10,4) and (12, 0) get unzipped first at a lower electrode potential (036 V) followed by the gradual unzipping of another two metallic tubes, (9, 3) and (10, 1), at a relatively higher potential (1.16 V). The semiconducting SWNTs with chiralities (11, 7) and (12, 5), however, get open up gradually at +/- 1.66 V. A rapid decrease followed by a subsequent gradual decrease in the metallicity of the SWNT ensemble as revealed from a remarkable variation of the peak width of the G band complies well with the variations of RBM. Cyclic voltammetry also gives direct evidence for unzipping in terms of improved capacitance after oxidation followed by more important removal of oxygen functionalities during the reduction step, as reflected in subtle changes of the morphology confirming the formation of graphene nanoribbons. The density functional-based tight binding calculations show additional dependence of chirality and diameter of nanotubes on the epoxide binding energies, which is in agreement with the Raman spectroscopic results and suggests a possible mechanism of unzipping determined by combined effects of the structural characteristics of SWNTs and applied field.</p>},
	keywords = {density functional-based tight binding calculations, Electrochemistry, graphene, Raman spectral mapping, single-walled carbon nanotubes},
	issn = {1936-0851},
	doi = {10.1021/nn403289g},
	author = {John, Robin and Shinde, Dhanraj B. and Liu, Lili and Ding, Feng and Xu, Zhiping and Vijayan, Cherianath and Pillai, Vijayamohanan K. and Pradeep, Thalappil}
}
