02963nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260000800251300001100259490000700270520214700277653001802424653001502442653001702457653000802474653002502482100001902507700002402526700002102550700002202571856012802593       2020                        eng d  a1350-417700aNovel hybrid cavitation process for enhancing and altering rate of disinfection by use of natural oils derived from plants0 aNovel hybrid cavitation process for enhancing and altering rate   cMAR  a1048200 v613 a<p>The present study is an attempt to improvise the hydrodynamic cavitation methodology for effective disinfection of water and also to suggest prototype development for practical application. The enhancement in the disinfection efficiency was evaluated specifically for the effect of pressure, temperature, pH, microbial inoculum size and also on effect of different additives for the two model microbial strains, gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). The efficacy of the hydrodynamic cavitation is evaluated for the two types of flows/cavitation devices - linear flow in the case of orifice and vortex flow for vortex diode. The vortex diode requires significantly lower pressures, 50% lower as compared to orifice for the similar extent of disinfection. While the bacterial disinfection at high temperature is known, the usefulness of hydrodynamic cavitation is especially evident at ambient conditions and the process is effective even at very high concentrations of bacteria, not reported so far. The reactor geometry also has significant effect on the disinfection. The present study, for the first time, reports possible use of different natural oils such as castor oil, cinnamon oil, eucalyptus oil and clove oil in conjunction with hydrodynamic cavitation. The nature of oil modifies the cavitation behavior and an order of magnitude enhancement in the cavitation rate was observed for the two oils, eucalyptus and clove oil for a very small concentration of 0.1%. The increased rates of disinfection, of the order of 2-4 folds, using oil can drastically reduce the time of operation and consequently reduce cost of disinfection. A possible mechanism is proposed for the effect of oil and hydrodynamic cavitation in cell destruction through the rupture of cell wall, oxidative damage and possible DNA denaturation. A cavitation model using per pass disinfection was used to correlate the data. The increased efficiency using oils and possible benefits of the developed process, where natural oils can be perceived as biocatalysts, can have significant advantages in practical applications.</p>
10aAntimicrobial10aCavitation10aDisinfection10aOil10aWastewater treatment1 aMane, Maya, B.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aBalapure, Kshama1 aRanade, Vivek, V.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-hybrid-cavitation-process-enhancing-and-altering-rate-disinfection-use-natural-oils02404nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245017100055210006900226260000800295300001500303490000600318520154500324653001501869653001501884653001801899653001601917653004001933100001701973700002901990700002402019856013102043       2022                        eng d  a2365-654900aSustainable fabrication of copper nanoparticles: a potent and affordable candidate for water treatment, water disinfection, antioxidant activity and theranostic agent0 aSustainable fabrication of copper nanoparticles a potent and aff  cAPR  ae2021035520 v73 a<p>
	This study reports a simple, green, and large-scale biosynthetic fabrication of spherical copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs), approximate 28 nm, using the aqueous extracts of Diaplazium esulentum (Retz.) Sw. fern. Characterization was carried out for morphology, size, elemental analysis, crystallinity and for identification of functionalities responsible for reduction and stabilization. Extraordinary remediation efficiency was obtained for the developed Cu NPs for the elimination of two industrially important pollutants; Methyl Violet 6B and Methylene Blue (greater than 92 % within 150 mins). A mechanism was postulated for the process using the data on the identification of NPs and also spent NPs apart from degraded products. Furthermore, the Cu NPs revealed excellent antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis, as well as gram negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and potential action against fungal strains; Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Additionally, the assay depicted that Cu NPs has fairly decent radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 2.11 mM. Moreover, the Cu NPs were found to exhibit profound anticancerous activity against two human cancer line cells. The present research work has implications for exploitation of DE fern extract for the development of Cu NPs and their numerous applications ranging from pollutants removal to antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancerous agents.</p>
10aAnticancer10aantifungal10aAntimicrobial10aAntioxidant10aPhotodegradation and Phytosynthesis1 aSinha, Tanur1 aAdhikari, Partha, Pradip1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/sustainable-fabrication-copper-nanoparticles-potent-and-affordable-candidate-water-treatment